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Civil War Battles in Virginia 1861All Civil War battles in Virginia 1861 can be found right here.
Sewell's Point Civil War battles in Virginia 1861 Other Names: None Location: Norfolk City Campaign: Blockade of the Chesapeake Bay (May-June 1861) Date(s): May 18-19, 1861 Principal Commanders: Lt. D.L. Braine U.S.N. [US]; Brig. Gen. Walter Gwynn and Capt. Peyton Colquitt [CS] Forces Engaged: Two gunboats [US]; battery garrison [CS] Estimated Casualties: 10 total Description: Two Union gunboats, including USS Monticello, dueled with Confederate batteries on Sewell's Point in an attempt to enforce the blockade of Hampton Roads. The two sides did each other little harm. Result(s): Inconclusive Aquia Creek Civil War battles in Virginia 1861 Other Names: None Location: Stafford County Campaign: Blockade of the Chesapeake Bay (May-June 1861) Date(s): May 29-June 1, 1861 Principal Commanders: Cdr. James H. Ward [US]; Col. Daniel Ruggles [CS] Forces Engaged: 3 gunboats [US]; battery garrison [CS] Estimated Casualties: 10 total Description: Three Union naval vessels bombarded Confederate batteries near the mouth of Aquia Creek that were built to protect the northern terminus of the railroad to Richmond. Confederates feared a landing of troops, but this did not materialize. Results of the bombardment were inconclusive, although the batteries were later withdrawn. Result(s): Inconclusive Big Bethel Civil War battles in Virginia 1861 Other Names: Bethel Church, Great Bethel Location: York County and Hampton Campaign: Blockade of the Chesapeake Bay (May-June 1861) Date(s): June 10, 1861 Principal Commanders: Brig. Gen. Ebenezer Pierce [US]; Col. John B. Magruder and Col. D.H. Hill [CS] Forces Engaged: 4,700 total (US 3,500; CS 1,200) Estimated Casualties: 87 total (US 79; CS 8) Description: This was the first land battle in Virginia. Maj. Gen. Benjamin F. Butler sent converging columns from Hampton and Newport News against advanced Confederate outposts at Little and Big Bethel. Confederates abandoned Little Bethel and fell back to their entrenchments behind Brick Kiln Creek, near Big Bethel Church. The Federals, under immediate command of Brig. Gen. Ebenezer Pierce, pursued, attacked frontally along the road, and were repulsed. Crossing downstream, the 5th New York Zouaves attempted to turn the Confederate left flank, but were repulsed. Unit commander Col. T. Wynthrop was killed. The Union forces were disorganized and retired, returning to Hampton and Newport News. The Confederates suffered 1 killed, 7 wounded. Result(s): Confederate victory Blackburn's Ford Civil War battles in Virginia 1861 Other Names: Bull Run Location: Prince William County and Fairfax County Campaign: Manassas Campaign (July 1861) Date(s): July 18, 1861 Principal Commanders: Brig. Gen. Irvin McDowell [US]; Brig. Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard [CS] Forces Engaged: Brigades Estimated Casualties: 151 total (US 83; CS 68) Description: On 16 July, 1862, the untried Union army under Brig. Gen. Irvin McDowell, 35,000 strong, marched out of the Washington defenses to give battle to the Confederate army, which was concentrated around the vital railroad junction at Manassas. The Confederate army, about 22,000 men, under the command of Brig. Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard, guarded the fords of Bull Run. On July 18, McDowell reached Centreville and pushed southwest, attempting to cross at Blackburn's Ford. He was repulsed. This action was a reconnaissance-in-force prior to the main event at Manassas/Bull Run. Because of this action, Union commander McDowell decided on the flanking maneuver he employed at First Manassas. Result(s): Confederate victory Manassas, First Civil War battles in Virginia 1861 Other Names: First Bull Run Location: Fairfax County and Prince William County Campaign: Manassas Campaign (July 1861) Date(s): July 21, 1861 Principal Commanders: Brig. Gen. Irvin McDowell [US]; Brig. Gen. Joseph E. Johnston and Brig. Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard [CS] Forces Engaged: 60,680 total (US 28,450; CS 32,230) Estimated Casualties: 4,700 total (US 2,950; CS 1,750) Description: This was the first major land battle of the armies in Virginia. On July 16, 1861, the untried Union army under Brig. Gen. Irvin McDowell marched from Washington against the Confederate army, which was drawn up behind Bull Run beyond Centreville. On the 21st, McDowell crossed at Sudley Ford and attacked the Confederate left flank on Matthews Hill. Fighting raged throughout the day as Confederate forces were driven back to Henry Hill. Late in the afternoon, Confederate reinforcements (one brigade arriving by rail from the Shenandoah Valley) extended and broke the Union right flank. The Federal retreat rapidly deteriorated into a rout. Although victorious, Confederate forces were too disorganized to pursue. Confederate Gen. Bee and Col. Bartow were killed. Thomas J. Jackson earned the nom de guerre Stonewall. By July 22, the shattered Union army reached the safety of Washington. This battle convinced the Lincoln administration that the war would be a long and costly affair. McDowell was relieved of command of the Union army and replaced by Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan, who set about reorganizing and training the troops. Result(s): Confederate victory Ball's Bluff Civil War battles in Virginia 1861 Other Names: Harrison's Landing, Leesburg Location: Loudoun County Campaign: McClellan's Operations in Northern Virginia (October-December 1861) Date(s): October 21, 1861 Principal Commanders: Brig. Gen. Charles P. Stone and Col. Edward Baker [US]; Brig. Gen. Nathan G. Evans [CS] Forces Engaged: 3,600 total (US 2,000; CS 1,600) Estimated Casualties: 1,070 total (US 921; CS 149) Description: Confederate Brig. Gen. Nathan Shanks Evans stopped a badly coordinated attempt by Union forces under Brig. Gen. Charles P. Stone to cross the Potomac at Harrison's Island and capture Leesburg. A timely Confederate counterattack drove the Federals over the bluff and into the river. More than 700 Federals were captured. Col. Edward D. Baker (a U.S. Senator) was killed. This Union rout had severe political ramifications in Washington and led to the establishment of the Congressional Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War. Result(s): Confederate victory Dranesville Civil War battles in Virginia 1861 Other Names: None Location: Fairfax County Campaign: McClellan's Operations in Northern Virginia (October-December 1861) Date(s): December 20, 1861 Principal Commanders: Brig. Gen. E.O.C. Ord [US]; Brig. Gen. J.E.B. Stuart [CS] Forces Engaged: Brigades Estimated Casualties: 301 total (US 71; CS 230) Description: Brig. Gen. J.E.B. Stuart led a brigade-sized mixed force of cavalry, infantry, and artillery to protect a foraging expedition in the vicinity of Dranesville. Union Brig. Gen. E.O.C. Ord, advancing on the Georgetown Pike, encountered Stuart's cavalry. Both sides deployed as more units arrived on the field, and a sharp firefight developed. Stuart withdrew in the mid-afternoon after ensuring that his wagons were safely in the rear. Result(s): Union victory
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Feb 19, 2010, Advertising DisclosureAdvertising Disclosure. This site is my personal site. It accepts advertising and other forms of compensation. Permalink -- click for full blog post "Advertising Disclosure" Dec 5, 2009, Civil War, American Civil War, ReconstructionThe Civil War was a horrific four years for the nation. When it was over, more than 620,000 Americans had died from battle and war-related causes. American had fought against American and in some cases, brother had literally fought against brother. Permalink -- click for full blog post "Civil War, American Civil War, Reconstruction" Nov 9, 2009, Brass Band, Civil War Music, Civil War BandsThe brass band of the Civil War played a very important role for both armies. They played at recruitment rallies and their music often helped to encourage young men to enlist. Permalink -- click for full blog post "Brass Band, Civil War Music, Civil War Bands" Nov 9, 2009, Civil War Ships, Civil War Marines, Hunley, Civil War Ironclad ships, USS MonitorCivil War ships played an important role during the war, more important than most people think Nov 9, 2009, Blockade Runner, Civil War Blockade, Civil War ShipsA Blockade runner was a ship that attempted to get through the Union blockade of Southern waters during the Civil War. One of the main goals of the North against the South was to starve them and cut off supplies and transports to and from the South. Permalink -- click for full blog post "Blockade Runner, Civil War Blockade, Civil War Ships" Nov 9, 2009, Belle Isle Prison, Civil War Prison Camps, Civil War PrisonersBelle Isle Prison is located west of Richmond Virginia. It is a small island located in the James River that was used as a Civil War Prison for captured Union soldiers. Nov 5, 2009, Sherman's March, March to the SeaSherman's March to the Sea would set the south ablaze. The sea was the goal, the end result, for the Union leader. General Sherman was a rogue if only for a few months, the general of the Union army stationed in the heart of the Confederacy was on a rampage. Permalink -- click for full blog post "Sherman's March, March to the Sea" | |||
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